PlainZIP

Virginia Beach, VA · standard

ZIP Code 23451

Virginia Beach County, Virginia - Census ACS demographics, housing tenure, and business patterns, benchmarked against every US ZIP.

41,544
866/sq mi
$100,697
Median income
$613,600
Median home value
57.0%
Bachelor's or higher

The verdict

Virginia Beach pairs an upper-quartile household income with top-decile home values, in a low-density, mixed-tenure area.

Top 19%
household income, US ZIPs
Top 9%
home value, US ZIPs
866
people per sq mi
53%
owner-occupied homes

Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates (2019–2023). Percentiles rank ZIP 23451 against every reporting US ZIP.

ZIP code 23451 is a densely settled ZIP (a standard USPS delivery area) in Virginia Beach, Virginia Beach County, Virginia, with 41,544 residents across 48.0 square miles, a density of 866 people per square mile, in the New York time zone.

ZIP 23451 lands in the middle-income range, with a median household income of $100,697 (18% above the Virginia average), while per-capita income is $71,883. 8.7% of residents live below the poverty line, and the unemployment rate reads 2.8%. On housing, the median home value is $613,600 (83% above the state average) with median rent at $1,779 per month, and 52.5% of occupied units are owner-occupied.

This is a highly-educated ZIP: 57.0% of adults hold a bachelor's degree or higher, the median age is 39.6, and the average commute is 23 minutes. To put 23451 in local context, 9 ZIP codes within roughly 10 miles appear further down this page alongside 6 additional ZIPs in Virginia Beach County, for a geography-aware comparison.

Every figure on this page is sourced from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (including median rent) and the FHFA House Price Index, no estimates, no proprietary scoring. Verify with Census →

Top industries in ZIP 23451

Top 5 sectors by establishment count in Virginia Beach, VA

Which industries have the most business establishments in ZIP 23451.

establishments

What this shows Establishment counts come from the Census ZIP Code Business Patterns program, which counts physical business locations rather than employees or revenue.

Source U.S. Census Bureau · ZIP Code Business Patterns (ZBP) As of 2023

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates + ZIP Code Business Patterns + FHFA HPI ACS demographics and median rent, ZBP business establishments, FHFA HPI for ZIP 23451, Virginia Beach, VA · 2023 Census ACS 5-Year Estimates use a rolling 60-month sample for stable small-geography estimates; ZBP updated annually; FHFA HPI updated quarterly/annually.

Quick Facts

41,544

Population

48.0

Area (sq mi)

866

People / sq mi

New York

Time Zone

standard

ZIP Type

Neighborhood Scorecard
Get an A-F grade across income, safety, housing, rent, education, commute, and childcare for this ZIP code.
View Scorecard →

Who lives in ZIP 23451?

39.6

Median Age

49.5%

Male

50.5%

Female

6.9%

Foreign-Born

White 77.7%
African American 8.0%
Asian 3.0%
American Indian or Alaska Native 0.1%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander 0.3%
Two or More Ethnicities 9.0%
Hispanic or Latino 7.9%

Hispanic or Latino is an ethnicity category from the Census Bureau and may overlap with other categories above.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023)

How much do residents earn?

$100,697

Median Household Income

+18% vs state

$71,883

Per Capita Income

8.7%

Poverty Rate

2.8%

Unemployment Rate

23.2 min

Mean Commute Time

How ZIP 23451 ranks nationally

Virginia Beach, VA household income vs. every US ZIP code

Median household income, the full national distribution, with this ZIP marked

$100,697 Top 19% higher than 81% of 30,318 US ZIPs

$0–$20,000: 118 US ZIPs (0%). Below this entry. $20,000–$40,000: 1,573 US ZIPs (5%). Below this entry. $40,000–$60,000: 7,092 US ZIPs (23%). Below this entry. $60,000–$80,000: 9,980 US ZIPs (33%). Below this entry. $80,000–$100,000: 5,778 US ZIPs (19%). Below this entry. $100,000–$120,000: 2,855 US ZIPs (9%). This entry sits in this band. $120,000–$140,000: 1,362 US ZIPs (4%). Above this entry. $140,000–$160,000: 686 US ZIPs (2%). Above this entry. $160,000–$180,000: 364 US ZIPs (1%). Above this entry. $180,000–$200,000: 186 US ZIPs (1%). Above this entry. $200,000–$220,000: 324 US ZIPs (1%). Above this entry. This ZIP $0 $200K+ every reporting US ZIP, bucketed by value

Each bar is a $20K-wide band; taller bars hold more US ZIPs. The dashed line + filled bar mark this entry. Hover or tap any bar for its full count, share, and where it sits relative to this entry.

Source U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates · 2019–2023

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023)

What is the education profile here?

High School Graduate or Higher 71.2%
Bachelor's Degree or Higher 57.0%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023)

What does housing look like?

24,971

Total Housing Units

21,741

Occupied Units

3,230

Vacant Units

2.01

Avg Household Size

Occupancy Type

Owner 52.5%
Renter 47.5%

$613,600

Median Home Value

+83% vs state

$1,779

Median Rent

1984

Median Year Built

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023)

How have home values changed over time?

FHFA House Price Index, annual appreciation data based on repeat sales and appraisals

+8.2%

YoY Change (2024)

328

HPI Index (2000 = 100)

+228%

Total Change Since 2000

Home values in ZIP 23451 have increased 8.2% over the past year (2024). Since 2000, this ZIP has seen +228% cumulative appreciation.

Year Annual Change HPI Index
2020 +3.1% 227
2021 +7.9% 245
2022 +13.8% 278
2023 +8.8% 303
2024 +8.2% 328

Source: Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) House Price Index, All-Transactions, Five-Digit ZIP Codes (Developmental Index). Index base = 100 in year 2000. Data through 2024. ZIP codes with few transactions may show missing values.

What businesses operate in this ZIP?

Census Bureau data shows 1,776 business establishments in ZIP 23451, employing approximately 20,015 people with a combined annual payroll of $867,746,000.

1,776

Businesses

20,015

Employees

$867.7M

Annual Payroll

17

Industry Sectors

Industry Establishments % of Total
Accommodation and food services 351 19.8%
Retail trade 236 13.3%
Professional, scientific, and technical services 227 12.8%
Other services (except public administration) 179 10.1%
Real estate and rental and leasing 174 9.8%
Construction 140 7.9%
Health care and social assistance 110 6.2%
Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services 85 4.8%
Finance and insurance 78 4.4%
Arts, entertainment, and recreation 53 3.0%
Wholesale trade 41 2.3%
Manufacturing 29 1.6%
Transportation and warehousing 29 1.6%
Information 18 1.0%
Educational services 14 0.8%
Management of companies and enterprises 8 0.5%
Industries not classified 3 0.2%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ZIP Code Business Patterns (ZBP), 2023. Employment figures may include noise for disclosure avoidance.

Nearby ZIP Codes

Want a side-by-side? Compare 23451 vs 23454 →

ZIP 23451 vs its nearest neighbors, by population

Resident population of this ZIP and the closest reporting ZIP codes within ~10 miles.

residents

What this shows Among its immediate neighbors, ZIP 23451 ranks #6 by population - useful context the national average alone can't give.

Source U.S. Census Bureau · ACS 5-Year Estimates As of 2019–2023

ZIP 23451 vs its nearest neighbors, by median income

Median household income of this ZIP and the closest reporting ZIP codes within ~10 miles.

median income

What this shows By household income, ZIP 23451 ranks #3 of 7 neighboring ZIPs, local affluence varies block to block, not just metro to metro.

Source U.S. Census Bureau · ACS 5-Year Estimates As of 2019–2023
ZIP Code City Population Distance
23454 Virginia Beach, VA 60,283 3.0 mi
23459 Virginia Beach, VA 1,091 4.0 mi
23460 Virginia Beach, VA 1,201 4.3 mi
23452 Virginia Beach, VA 59,321 5.0 mi
23461 Virginia Beach, VA 287 6.8 mi
23453 Virginia Beach, VA 35,960 6.8 mi
23456 Virginia Beach, VA 51,748 9.4 mi
23455 Virginia Beach, VA 47,938 8.0 mi
23462 Virginia Beach, VA 61,973 8.3 mi

More ZIP Codes in Virginia Beach County

23464 standard
Virginia Beach, VA
Pop: 72,359
23462 standard
Virginia Beach, VA
Pop: 61,973
23454 standard
Virginia Beach, VA
Pop: 60,283
23452 standard
Virginia Beach, VA
Pop: 59,321
23456 standard
Virginia Beach, VA
Pop: 51,748
23455 standard
Virginia Beach, VA
Pop: 47,938

Related Areas

Virginia Beach County Virginia Beach, VA Virginia

Frequently Asked Questions

What county is ZIP code 23451 in? ▼
ZIP code 23451 (Virginia Beach) is located in Virginia Beach County, Virginia. Virginia Beach County contains multiple ZIP codes, see the full list at /counties/virginia-beach-va.
What is the population of ZIP code 23451? ▼
ZIP code 23451 in Virginia Beach, VA has a population of 41,544 according to the Census Bureau ACS 2023 estimates.
What is the median household income in ZIP 23451? ▼
The median household income in ZIP 23451 is $100,697, which is 32% above the national average of $76,288.
What is the average home value in ZIP 23451? ▼
The median home value in ZIP 23451 is $613,600, which is 121% above the national average of $278,155.
What is the demographic makeup of ZIP 23451? ▼
The largest racial group in ZIP 23451 is White at 77.7%. Hispanic or Latino residents make up 7.9% of the population.
How many businesses are in ZIP code 23451? ▼
ZIP code 23451 has 1,776 business establishments employing approximately 20,015 people, according to Census Bureau ZIP Code Business Patterns (ZBP) 2023 data.
What are the main industries in ZIP code 23451? ▼
The top industries by establishment count in ZIP 23451 are: Accommodation and food services (351), Retail trade (236), Professional, scientific, and technical services (227). There are 17 industry sectors represented in total.
How have home values changed in ZIP code 23451? ▼
According to the FHFA House Price Index, home values in ZIP 23451 increased by 8.2% in 2024. Since 2000, home values in this ZIP have appreciated by approximately 228%. This is a developmental index based on repeat sales and appraisal data from Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
What is the education level in ZIP code 23451? ▼
In ZIP code 23451, 71.2% of residents aged 25+ have a high school diploma or higher, and 57.0% hold a bachelor's degree or higher. These figures come from the Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023).
What is the average commute time in ZIP 23451? ▼
The mean commute time for workers in ZIP code 23451 is 23.2 minutes according to Census ACS data. The national average is roughly 26 minutes, so commuters here spend less time traveling to work than typical.
What percentage of residents own vs. rent in ZIP 23451? ▼
In ZIP code 23451, approximately 52.5% of occupied housing units are owner-occupied and 47.5% are renter-occupied, based on Census ACS 2023 data.
What is the poverty rate in ZIP code 23451? ▼
The poverty rate in ZIP code 23451 is 8.7% according to Census Bureau ACS 2023 estimates. This measures the percentage of the population living below the federal poverty threshold.

Read our methodology to see how this data is sourced, computed, and verified.