Madisonville, KY · standard
ZIP Code 42431
Hopkins County, Kentucky - Census ACS demographics, housing tenure, and business patterns, benchmarked against every US ZIP.
- 26,916
- 62/sq mi Moderate-density area
- $54,905
- Median income Below-median income area
- $160,700
- Median home value Below-median home value
- 20.1%
- Bachelor's or higher Near-average bachelor's attainment
National ZIP placement
Madisonville pairs one of the lowest household incomes in the country with below-median home values, in a rural, homeowner-dominated area.
- 21st pct
- household income, US ZIPs
- 30th pct
- home value, US ZIPs
- 62
- people per sq mi
- 67%
- owner-occupied homes
Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates (2019–2023). Percentiles rank ZIP 42431 against every reporting US ZIP.
FHFA HPI release change
What changed in the latest House Price Index year
- FHFA House Price Index values in ZIP 42431 (Madisonville, KY) rose +6.6% from 2023 to 2024. The all-transactions index moved from 223.2 in 2023 to 238.0 in 2024 (2000 = 100).
ZIP code 42431 is a densely settled ZIP (a standard USPS delivery area) in Madisonville, Hopkins County, Kentucky, with 26,916 residents across 431.3 square miles, a density of 62 people per square mile, in the Chicago time zone.
ZIP 42431 reports a modest median household income of $54,905 (8% below the average Kentucky ZIP), while per-capita income is $29,753. The poverty rate is 22.2%, so the area-level income figures should not be treated as typical household experience. Median home value is $160,700 (1% above the average Kentucky ZIP) and median rent is $850; 66.5% of occupied homes are owner-occupied.
Educational attainment sits below the national norm: 20.1% of adults hold a bachelor's degree or higher, the median age is 40.2, and the average commute is 19 minutes. The page also surfaces 5 ZIP codes within roughly 10 miles and 6 more in Hopkins County, so 42431 can be compared with both its immediate and county-level context.
Every figure on this page is sourced from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (including median rent) and the FHFA House Price Index, no estimates, no proprietary scoring. Verify with Census →
Top industries in ZIP 42431
Top 5 sectors by establishment count in Madisonville, KY
Which industries have the most business establishments in ZIP 42431.
- Retail trade
Retail trade
123 establishments
- Health care and social assistance
Health care and social assistance
121 establishments
- Other services (except public administration)
Other services (except public administration)
91 establishments
- Accommodation and food services
Accommodation and food services
64 establishments
- Finance and insurance
Finance and insurance
53 establishments
What this shows Establishment counts come from the Census ZIP Code Business Patterns program, which counts physical business locations rather than employees or revenue.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates + ZIP Code Business Patterns + FHFA HPI ACS demographics and median rent, ZBP business establishments, FHFA HPI for ZIP 42431, Madisonville, KY · 2023 Census ACS 5-Year Estimates use a rolling 60-month sample for stable small-geography estimates; ZBP updated annually; FHFA HPI updated quarterly/annually.
Quick Facts
26,916
Population
431.3
Area (sq mi)
62
People / sq mi
Chicago
Time Zone
standard
ZIP Type
Who lives in ZIP 42431?
40.2
Median Age
48.0%
Male
52.0%
Female
2.7%
Foreign-Born
Hispanic or Latino is an ethnicity category from the Census Bureau and may overlap with other categories above.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023)
How much do residents earn?
$54,905
Median Household Income
-8% vs state ZIP avg
$29,753
Per Capita Income
22.2%
Poverty Rate
6.8%
Unemployment Rate
18.5 min
Mean Commute Time
How ZIP 42431 ranks among Kentucky ZIPs
Madisonville, KY household income vs. every Kentucky ZIP code
Median household income among 646 reporting Kentucky ZIPs (this ZIP's population is too small for a reliable national-corpus placement)
$54,905 46th percentile higher than 46% of 646 Kentucky ZIPs
Each bar is a $20K-wide band; taller bars hold more Kentucky ZIPs. The dashed line + filled bar mark this entry. Hover or tap any bar for its full count, share, and where it sits relative to this entry.
Source U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates · 2019–2023
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023)
What is the education profile here?
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023)
What does housing look like?
Housing stock: occupied vs vacant
12,720housing units
12,720
Total Housing Units
11,270
Occupied Units
1,450
Vacant Units
2.35
Avg Household Size
Occupancy Type
$160,700
Median Home Value
+1% vs state ZIP avg
$850
Median Rent
1976
Median Year Built
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023)
How have home values changed over time?
FHFA House Price Index, annual appreciation data based on repeat sales and appraisals
+6.6%
YoY Change (2024)
238
HPI Index (2000 = 100)
+138%
Total Change Since 2000
Home values in ZIP 42431 have increased 6.6% over the past year (2024). Since 2000, this ZIP has seen +138% cumulative appreciation.
| Year | Annual Change | HPI Index |
|---|---|---|
| 2020 | +1.6% | 163 |
| 2021 | +10.2% | 180 |
| 2022 | +9.9% | 198 |
| 2023 | +12.8% | 223 |
| 2024 | +6.6% | 238 |
Source: Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) House Price Index, All-Transactions, Five-Digit ZIP Codes (Developmental Index). Index base = 100 in year 2000. Data through 2024. ZIP codes with few transactions may show missing values.
What businesses operate in this ZIP?
Census Bureau data shows 707 business establishments in ZIP 42431, employing approximately 11,921 people with a combined annual payroll of $620,269,000.
707
Businesses
11,921
Employees
$620.3M
Annual Payroll
16
Industry Sectors
| Industry | Establishments | % of Total |
|---|---|---|
| Retail trade | 123 | 17.4% |
| Health care and social assistance | 121 | 17.1% |
| Other services (except public administration) | 91 | 12.9% |
| Accommodation and food services | 64 | 9.1% |
| Finance and insurance | 53 | 7.5% |
| Professional, scientific, and technical services | 50 | 7.1% |
| Construction | 41 | 5.8% |
| Wholesale trade | 35 | 5.0% |
| Manufacturing | 30 | 4.2% |
| Real estate and rental and leasing | 24 | 3.4% |
| Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services | 24 | 3.4% |
| Transportation and warehousing | 16 | 2.3% |
| Information | 10 | 1.4% |
| Educational services | 10 | 1.4% |
| Arts, entertainment, and recreation | 6 | 0.8% |
| Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction | 5 | 0.7% |
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ZIP Code Business Patterns (ZBP), 2023. Employment figures may include noise for disclosure avoidance.
Nearby ZIP Codes
Want a side-by-side? Compare 42431 vs 42410 →
ZIP 42431 vs its nearest neighbors, by population
Resident population of this ZIP and the closest reporting ZIP codes within ~10 miles.
- 42431
Madisonville (42431)
26,916 residents
- 42413 3,118
Hanson (42413)
3,118 residents
- 42464 1,799
White Plains (42464)
1,799 residents
- 42410 1,460
Earlington (42410)
1,460 residents
- 42436 1,030
Manitou (42436)
1,030 residents
- 42440 748
Mortons Gap (42440)
748 residents
What this shows Among its immediate neighbors, ZIP 42431 ranks the most populous - useful context the national average alone can't give.
ZIP 42431 vs its nearest neighbors, by median income
Median household income of this ZIP and the closest reporting ZIP codes within ~10 miles.
- 42413
Hanson (42413)
$95,417 median income
- 42436
Manitou (42436)
$70,694 median income
- 42431
Madisonville (42431)
$54,905 median income
- 42464
White Plains (42464)
$45,893 median income
- 42410
Earlington (42410)
$38,194 median income
What this shows By household income, ZIP 42431 ranks #3 of 5 neighboring ZIPs, local affluence varies block to block, not just metro to metro.
Nationwide ZIPs with similar ACS profiles
Two Census-derived peer sets for ZIP 42431, both outside KY so the neighborhoods are not geographic containment (Nearby and same-county blocks stay local).
Similar population
Nearest cross-state ZIPs by resident population (26,916 here; floor ≥1,000).
Similar median household income
Nearest cross-state ZIPs by ACS median household income.
More ZIP Codes in Hopkins County
Related Areas
Frequently Asked Questions
What county is ZIP code 42431 in?
ZIP code 42431 (Madisonville) is located in Hopkins County, Kentucky. Hopkins County contains multiple ZIP codes, see the full list at /counties/hopkins-ky.
What is the population of ZIP code 42431?
ZIP code 42431 in Madisonville, KY has a population of 26,916 according to the Census Bureau ACS 2023 estimates.
What is the median household income in ZIP 42431?
The median household income in ZIP 42431 is $54,905, which is 28% below the national average of $76,288.
What is the average home value in ZIP 42431?
The median home value in ZIP 42431 is $160,700, which is 42% below the national average of $278,155.
What is the demographic makeup of ZIP 42431?
The largest racial group in ZIP 42431 is White at 83.6%. Hispanic or Latino residents make up 3.5% of the population.
How many businesses are in ZIP code 42431?
ZIP code 42431 has 707 business establishments employing approximately 11,921 people, according to Census Bureau ZIP Code Business Patterns (ZBP) 2023 data.
What are the main industries in ZIP code 42431?
The top industries by establishment count in ZIP 42431 are: Retail trade (123), Health care and social assistance (121), Other services (except public administration) (91). There are 16 industry sectors represented in total.
How have home values changed in ZIP code 42431?
According to the FHFA House Price Index, home values in ZIP 42431 increased by 6.6% in 2024. Since 2000, home values in this ZIP have appreciated by approximately 138%. This is a developmental index based on repeat sales and appraisal data from Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
What is the education level in ZIP code 42431?
In ZIP code 42431, 57.1% of residents aged 25+ have a high school diploma or higher, and 20.1% hold a bachelor's degree or higher. These figures come from the Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023).
What is the average commute time in ZIP 42431?
The mean commute time for workers in ZIP code 42431 is 18.5 minutes according to Census ACS data. The national average is roughly 26 minutes, so commuters here spend less time traveling to work than typical.
What percentage of residents own vs. rent in ZIP 42431?
In ZIP code 42431, approximately 66.5% of occupied housing units are owner-occupied and 33.5% are renter-occupied, based on Census ACS 2023 data.
What is the poverty rate in ZIP code 42431?
The poverty rate in ZIP code 42431 is 22.2% according to Census Bureau ACS 2023 estimates. This measures the percentage of the population living below the federal poverty threshold.
Related
Take this with you
What to do with ZIP 42431's numbers, next.
- See how ZIP 42431 compares to a neighboring ZIP code on the same Census fields Compare this ZIP
- Check where Madisonville, KY ranks among every U.S. ZIP code on income, education, or homeownership View national rankings
- Save this ZIP to your shortlist to track alongside others you're considering View your shortlist
ZIP Code Tabulation Areas (ZCTAs) are Census Bureau approximations of USPS ZIP codes; figures describe the ZCTA area, not any single address within it.