PlainZIP

Columbia, TN · standard

ZIP Code 38401

Maury County, Tennessee - Census ACS demographics, housing tenure, and business patterns, benchmarked against every US ZIP.

54,469
70/sq mi
$68,475
Median income
$339,400
Median home value
26.2%
Bachelor's or higher

The verdict

Columbia pairs a below-median household income with above-median home values, in a rural, homeowner-dominated and unusually populous area.

44th pct
household income, US ZIPs
Top 28%
home value, US ZIPs
70
people per sq mi
70%
owner-occupied homes

Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates (2019–2023). Percentiles rank ZIP 38401 against every reporting US ZIP.

ZIP code 38401 is a densely settled ZIP (a standard USPS delivery area) in Columbia, Maury County, Tennessee, with 54,469 residents across 778.1 square miles, a density of 70 people per square mile, in the Chicago time zone.

ZIP 38401 reports a modest median household income of $68,475 (3% above the Tennessee average), while per-capita income is $35,920. Local economic indicators show a 11.6% poverty rate alongside 2.3% unemployment. The typical home here is valued at $339,400 (37% above the state average); renters pay a median of $1,187 monthly, and 70.1% of units are owner-occupied.

Educational attainment sits below the national norm: 26.2% of adults hold a bachelor's degree or higher, the median age is 38.5, and the average commute is 29 minutes. A geography-based comparison follows: 2 ZIP codes within about 10 miles of 38401, plus 4 more within Maury County, give a clearer read than the national average alone.

Every figure on this page is sourced from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (including median rent) and the FHFA House Price Index, no estimates, no proprietary scoring. Verify with Census →

Top industries in ZIP 38401

Top 5 sectors by establishment count in Columbia, TN

Which industries have the most business establishments in ZIP 38401.

establishments

What this shows Establishment counts come from the Census ZIP Code Business Patterns program, which counts physical business locations rather than employees or revenue.

Source U.S. Census Bureau · ZIP Code Business Patterns (ZBP) As of 2023

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates + ZIP Code Business Patterns + FHFA HPI ACS demographics and median rent, ZBP business establishments, FHFA HPI for ZIP 38401, Columbia, TN · 2023 Census ACS 5-Year Estimates use a rolling 60-month sample for stable small-geography estimates; ZBP updated annually; FHFA HPI updated quarterly/annually.

Quick Facts

54,469

Population

778.1

Area (sq mi)

70

People / sq mi

Chicago

Time Zone

standard

ZIP Type

Neighborhood Scorecard
Get an A-F grade across income, safety, housing, rent, education, commute, and childcare for this ZIP code.
View Scorecard →

Who lives in ZIP 38401?

38.5

Median Age

47.8%

Male

52.2%

Female

3.8%

Foreign-Born

White 75.8%
African American 13.1%
Asian 1.1%
American Indian or Alaska Native 0.4%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander 0.0%
Two or More Ethnicities 8.1%
Hispanic or Latino 8.6%

Hispanic or Latino is an ethnicity category from the Census Bureau and may overlap with other categories above.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023)

How much do residents earn?

$68,475

Median Household Income

+3% vs state

$35,920

Per Capita Income

11.6%

Poverty Rate

2.3%

Unemployment Rate

28.6 min

Mean Commute Time

How ZIP 38401 ranks nationally

Columbia, TN household income vs. every US ZIP code

Median household income, the full national distribution, with this ZIP marked

$68,475 44th percentile higher than 44% of 30,318 US ZIPs

$0–$20,000: 118 US ZIPs (0%). Below this entry. $20,000–$40,000: 1,573 US ZIPs (5%). Below this entry. $40,000–$60,000: 7,092 US ZIPs (23%). Below this entry. $60,000–$80,000: 9,980 US ZIPs (33%). This entry sits in this band. $80,000–$100,000: 5,778 US ZIPs (19%). Above this entry. $100,000–$120,000: 2,855 US ZIPs (9%). Above this entry. $120,000–$140,000: 1,362 US ZIPs (4%). Above this entry. $140,000–$160,000: 686 US ZIPs (2%). Above this entry. $160,000–$180,000: 364 US ZIPs (1%). Above this entry. $180,000–$200,000: 186 US ZIPs (1%). Above this entry. $200,000–$220,000: 324 US ZIPs (1%). Above this entry. This ZIP $0 $200K+ every reporting US ZIP, bucketed by value

Each bar is a $20K-wide band; taller bars hold more US ZIPs. The dashed line + filled bar mark this entry. Hover or tap any bar for its full count, share, and where it sits relative to this entry.

Source U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates · 2019–2023

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023)

What is the education profile here?

High School Graduate or Higher 61.1%
Bachelor's Degree or Higher 26.2%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023)

What does housing look like?

29,161

Total Housing Units

26,524

Occupied Units

2,637

Vacant Units

2.51

Avg Household Size

Occupancy Type

Owner 70.1%
Renter 29.9%

$339,400

Median Home Value

+37% vs state

$1,187

Median Rent

1987

Median Year Built

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023)

How have home values changed over time?

FHFA House Price Index, annual appreciation data based on repeat sales and appraisals

+3.4%

YoY Change (2024)

335

HPI Index (2000 = 100)

+235%

Total Change Since 2000

Home values in ZIP 38401 have increased 3.4% over the past year (2024). Since 2000, this ZIP has seen +235% cumulative appreciation.

Year Annual Change HPI Index
2020 +5.9% 206
2021 +17.5% 242
2022 +27.3% 308
2023 +5.3% 324
2024 +3.4% 335

Source: Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) House Price Index, All-Transactions, Five-Digit ZIP Codes (Developmental Index). Index base = 100 in year 2000. Data through 2024. ZIP codes with few transactions may show missing values.

What businesses operate in this ZIP?

Census Bureau data shows 1,412 business establishments in ZIP 38401, employing approximately 19,823 people with a combined annual payroll of $1,000,021,000.

1,412

Businesses

19,823

Employees

$1.0B

Annual Payroll

16

Industry Sectors

Industry Establishments % of Total
Retail trade 251 17.8%
Health care and social assistance 170 12.0%
Other services (except public administration) 156 11.1%
Accommodation and food services 143 10.1%
Construction 137 9.7%
Finance and insurance 100 7.1%
Professional, scientific, and technical services 92 6.5%
Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services 77 5.5%
Real estate and rental and leasing 72 5.1%
Manufacturing 56 4.0%
Wholesale trade 51 3.6%
Transportation and warehousing 35 2.5%
Information 21 1.5%
Arts, entertainment, and recreation 21 1.5%
Educational services 17 1.2%
Management of companies and enterprises 8 0.6%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ZIP Code Business Patterns (ZBP), 2023. Employment figures may include noise for disclosure avoidance.

Nearby ZIP Codes

Want a side-by-side? Compare 38401 vs 37174 →

ZIP 38401 vs its nearest neighbors, by population

Resident population of this ZIP and the closest reporting ZIP codes within ~10 miles.

residents

What this shows Among its immediate neighbors, ZIP 38401 ranks the most populous - useful context the national average alone can't give.

Source U.S. Census Bureau · ACS 5-Year Estimates As of 2019–2023

ZIP 38401 vs its nearest neighbors, by median income

Median household income of this ZIP and the closest reporting ZIP codes within ~10 miles.

median income

What this shows By household income, ZIP 38401 ranks #3 of 3 neighboring ZIPs, local affluence varies block to block, not just metro to metro.

Source U.S. Census Bureau · ACS 5-Year Estimates As of 2019–2023
ZIP Code City Population Distance
37174 Spring Hill, TN 26,418 9.3 mi
38482 Santa Fe, TN 1,535 11.9 mi

More ZIP Codes in Maury County

38474 standard
Mount Pleasant, TN
Pop: 7,802
38482 standard
Santa Fe, TN
Pop: 1,535
38461 standard
Hampshire, TN
Pop: 1,379
38487 standard
Williamsport, TN
Pop: 1,057

Related Areas

Maury County Columbia, TN Tennessee

Frequently Asked Questions

What county is ZIP code 38401 in? ▼
ZIP code 38401 (Columbia) is located in Maury County, Tennessee. Maury County contains multiple ZIP codes, see the full list at /counties/maury-tn.
What is the population of ZIP code 38401? ▼
ZIP code 38401 in Columbia, TN has a population of 54,469 according to the Census Bureau ACS 2023 estimates.
What is the median household income in ZIP 38401? ▼
The median household income in ZIP 38401 is $68,475, which is 10% below the national average of $76,288.
What is the average home value in ZIP 38401? ▼
The median home value in ZIP 38401 is $339,400, which is 22% above the national average of $278,155.
What is the demographic makeup of ZIP 38401? ▼
The largest racial group in ZIP 38401 is White at 75.8%. Hispanic or Latino residents make up 8.6% of the population.
How many businesses are in ZIP code 38401? ▼
ZIP code 38401 has 1,412 business establishments employing approximately 19,823 people, according to Census Bureau ZIP Code Business Patterns (ZBP) 2023 data.
What are the main industries in ZIP code 38401? ▼
The top industries by establishment count in ZIP 38401 are: Retail trade (251), Health care and social assistance (170), Other services (except public administration) (156). There are 16 industry sectors represented in total.
How have home values changed in ZIP code 38401? ▼
According to the FHFA House Price Index, home values in ZIP 38401 increased by 3.4% in 2024. Since 2000, home values in this ZIP have appreciated by approximately 235%. This is a developmental index based on repeat sales and appraisal data from Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
What is the education level in ZIP code 38401? ▼
In ZIP code 38401, 61.1% of residents aged 25+ have a high school diploma or higher, and 26.2% hold a bachelor's degree or higher. These figures come from the Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023).
What is the average commute time in ZIP 38401? ▼
The mean commute time for workers in ZIP code 38401 is 28.6 minutes according to Census ACS data. The national average is roughly 26 minutes, so commuters here spend more time traveling to work than typical.
What percentage of residents own vs. rent in ZIP 38401? ▼
In ZIP code 38401, approximately 70.1% of occupied housing units are owner-occupied and 29.9% are renter-occupied, based on Census ACS 2023 data.
What is the poverty rate in ZIP code 38401? ▼
The poverty rate in ZIP code 38401 is 11.6% according to Census Bureau ACS 2023 estimates. This measures the percentage of the population living below the federal poverty threshold.

Read our methodology to see how this data is sourced, computed, and verified.