Columbia, TN · standard
ZIP Code 38401
Maury County, Tennessee - Census ACS demographics, housing tenure, and business patterns, benchmarked against every US ZIP.
- 54,469
- 70/sq mi Moderate-density area
- $68,475
- Median income Near-median income area
- $339,400
- Median home value Above-median home value
- 26.2%
- Bachelor's or higher Near-average bachelor's attainment
National ZIP placement
Columbia pairs a below-median household income with above-median home values, in a rural, homeowner-dominated and unusually populous area.
- 44th pct
- household income, US ZIPs
- Top 28%
- home value, US ZIPs
- 70
- people per sq mi
- 70%
- owner-occupied homes
Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates (2019–2023). Percentiles rank ZIP 38401 against every reporting US ZIP.
FHFA HPI release change
What changed in the latest House Price Index year
- FHFA House Price Index values in ZIP 38401 (Columbia, TN) rose +3.4% from 2023 to 2024. The all-transactions index moved from 323.8 in 2023 to 334.7 in 2024 (2000 = 100).
ZIP code 38401 is a densely settled ZIP (a standard USPS delivery area) in Columbia, Maury County, Tennessee, with 54,469 residents across 778.1 square miles, a density of 70 people per square mile, in the Chicago time zone.
ZIP 38401 reports a modest median household income of $68,475 (3% above the average Tennessee ZIP), while per-capita income is $35,920. The poverty rate is 11.6%, with unemployment at 2.3%; those measures add context to the income figure. Housing is both higher-cost and owner-heavy: median home value is $339,400 (37% above the average Tennessee ZIP), while 70.1% of occupied homes are owner-occupied and median rent is $1,187.
Educational attainment sits below the national norm: 26.2% of adults hold a bachelor's degree or higher, the median age is 38.5, and the average commute is 29 minutes. The page also surfaces 2 ZIP codes within roughly 10 miles and 4 more in Maury County, so 38401 can be compared with both its immediate and county-level context.
Every figure on this page is sourced from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (including median rent) and the FHFA House Price Index, no estimates, no proprietary scoring. Verify with Census →
Top industries in ZIP 38401
Top 5 sectors by establishment count in Columbia, TN
Which industries have the most business establishments in ZIP 38401.
- Retail trade
Retail trade
251 establishments
- Health care and social assistance
Health care and social assistance
170 establishments
- Other services (except public administration)
Other services (except public administration)
156 establishments
- Accommodation and food services
Accommodation and food services
143 establishments
- Construction
Construction
137 establishments
What this shows Establishment counts come from the Census ZIP Code Business Patterns program, which counts physical business locations rather than employees or revenue.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates + ZIP Code Business Patterns + FHFA HPI ACS demographics and median rent, ZBP business establishments, FHFA HPI for ZIP 38401, Columbia, TN · 2023 Census ACS 5-Year Estimates use a rolling 60-month sample for stable small-geography estimates; ZBP updated annually; FHFA HPI updated quarterly/annually.
Quick Facts
54,469
Population
778.1
Area (sq mi)
70
People / sq mi
Chicago
Time Zone
standard
ZIP Type
Who lives in ZIP 38401?
38.5
Median Age
47.8%
Male
52.2%
Female
3.8%
Foreign-Born
Hispanic or Latino is an ethnicity category from the Census Bureau and may overlap with other categories above.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023)
How much do residents earn?
$68,475
Median Household Income
+3% vs state ZIP avg
$35,920
Per Capita Income
11.6%
Poverty Rate
2.3%
Unemployment Rate
28.6 min
Mean Commute Time
How ZIP 38401 ranks nationally
Columbia, TN household income vs. every US ZIP code
Median household income, the full national distribution, with this ZIP marked
$68,475 44th percentile higher than 44% of 30,318 US ZIPs
Each bar is a $20K-wide band; taller bars hold more US ZIPs. The dashed line + filled bar mark this entry. Hover or tap any bar for its full count, share, and where it sits relative to this entry.
Source U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates · 2019–2023
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023)
What is the education profile here?
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023)
What does housing look like?
Housing stock: occupied vs vacant
29,161housing units
29,161
Total Housing Units
26,524
Occupied Units
2,637
Vacant Units
2.51
Avg Household Size
Occupancy Type
$339,400
Median Home Value
+37% vs state ZIP avg
$1,187
Median Rent
1987
Median Year Built
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023)
How have home values changed over time?
FHFA House Price Index, annual appreciation data based on repeat sales and appraisals
+3.4%
YoY Change (2024)
335
HPI Index (2000 = 100)
+235%
Total Change Since 2000
Home values in ZIP 38401 have increased 3.4% over the past year (2024). Since 2000, this ZIP has seen +235% cumulative appreciation.
| Year | Annual Change | HPI Index |
|---|---|---|
| 2020 | +5.9% | 206 |
| 2021 | +17.5% | 242 |
| 2022 | +27.3% | 308 |
| 2023 | +5.3% | 324 |
| 2024 | +3.4% | 335 |
Source: Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) House Price Index, All-Transactions, Five-Digit ZIP Codes (Developmental Index). Index base = 100 in year 2000. Data through 2024. ZIP codes with few transactions may show missing values.
What businesses operate in this ZIP?
Census Bureau data shows 1,412 business establishments in ZIP 38401, employing approximately 19,823 people with a combined annual payroll of $1,000,021,000.
1,412
Businesses
19,823
Employees
$1.0B
Annual Payroll
16
Industry Sectors
| Industry | Establishments | % of Total |
|---|---|---|
| Retail trade | 251 | 17.8% |
| Health care and social assistance | 170 | 12.0% |
| Other services (except public administration) | 156 | 11.1% |
| Accommodation and food services | 143 | 10.1% |
| Construction | 137 | 9.7% |
| Finance and insurance | 100 | 7.1% |
| Professional, scientific, and technical services | 92 | 6.5% |
| Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services | 77 | 5.5% |
| Real estate and rental and leasing | 72 | 5.1% |
| Manufacturing | 56 | 4.0% |
| Wholesale trade | 51 | 3.6% |
| Transportation and warehousing | 35 | 2.5% |
| Information | 21 | 1.5% |
| Arts, entertainment, and recreation | 21 | 1.5% |
| Educational services | 17 | 1.2% |
| Management of companies and enterprises | 8 | 0.6% |
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ZIP Code Business Patterns (ZBP), 2023. Employment figures may include noise for disclosure avoidance.
Nearby ZIP Codes
Want a side-by-side? Compare 38401 vs 37174 →
ZIP 38401 vs its nearest neighbors, by population
Resident population of this ZIP and the closest reporting ZIP codes within ~10 miles.
- 38401
Columbia (38401)
54,469 residents
- 37174
Spring Hill (37174)
26,418 residents
- 38482 1,535
Santa Fe (38482)
1,535 residents
What this shows Among its immediate neighbors, ZIP 38401 ranks the most populous - useful context the national average alone can't give.
ZIP 38401 vs its nearest neighbors, by median income
Median household income of this ZIP and the closest reporting ZIP codes within ~10 miles.
- 37174
Spring Hill (37174)
$105,181 median income
- 38482
Santa Fe (38482)
$90,272 median income
- 38401
Columbia (38401)
$68,475 median income
What this shows By household income, ZIP 38401 ranks #3 of 3 neighboring ZIPs, local affluence varies block to block, not just metro to metro.
Nationwide ZIPs with similar ACS profiles
Two Census-derived peer sets for ZIP 38401, both outside TN so the neighborhoods are not geographic containment (Nearby and same-county blocks stay local).
Similar population
Nearest cross-state ZIPs by resident population (54,469 here; floor ≥1,000).
Similar median household income
Nearest cross-state ZIPs by ACS median household income.
More ZIP Codes in Maury County
Related Areas
Frequently Asked Questions
What county is ZIP code 38401 in?
ZIP code 38401 (Columbia) is located in Maury County, Tennessee. Maury County contains multiple ZIP codes, see the full list at /counties/maury-tn.
What is the population of ZIP code 38401?
ZIP code 38401 in Columbia, TN has a population of 54,469 according to the Census Bureau ACS 2023 estimates.
What is the median household income in ZIP 38401?
The median household income in ZIP 38401 is $68,475, which is 10% below the national average of $76,288.
What is the average home value in ZIP 38401?
The median home value in ZIP 38401 is $339,400, which is 22% above the national average of $278,155.
What is the demographic makeup of ZIP 38401?
The largest racial group in ZIP 38401 is White at 75.8%. Hispanic or Latino residents make up 8.6% of the population.
How many businesses are in ZIP code 38401?
ZIP code 38401 has 1,412 business establishments employing approximately 19,823 people, according to Census Bureau ZIP Code Business Patterns (ZBP) 2023 data.
What are the main industries in ZIP code 38401?
The top industries by establishment count in ZIP 38401 are: Retail trade (251), Health care and social assistance (170), Other services (except public administration) (156). There are 16 industry sectors represented in total.
How have home values changed in ZIP code 38401?
According to the FHFA House Price Index, home values in ZIP 38401 increased by 3.4% in 2024. Since 2000, home values in this ZIP have appreciated by approximately 235%. This is a developmental index based on repeat sales and appraisal data from Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
What is the education level in ZIP code 38401?
In ZIP code 38401, 61.1% of residents aged 25+ have a high school diploma or higher, and 26.2% hold a bachelor's degree or higher. These figures come from the Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023).
What is the average commute time in ZIP 38401?
The mean commute time for workers in ZIP code 38401 is 28.6 minutes according to Census ACS data. The national average is roughly 26 minutes, so commuters here spend more time traveling to work than typical.
What percentage of residents own vs. rent in ZIP 38401?
In ZIP code 38401, approximately 70.1% of occupied housing units are owner-occupied and 29.9% are renter-occupied, based on Census ACS 2023 data.
What is the poverty rate in ZIP code 38401?
The poverty rate in ZIP code 38401 is 11.6% according to Census Bureau ACS 2023 estimates. This measures the percentage of the population living below the federal poverty threshold.
Related
Take this with you
What to do with ZIP 38401's numbers, next.
- See how ZIP 38401 compares to a neighboring ZIP code on the same Census fields Compare this ZIP
- Check where Columbia, TN ranks among every U.S. ZIP code on income, education, or homeownership View national rankings
- Save this ZIP to your shortlist to track alongside others you're considering View your shortlist
ZIP Code Tabulation Areas (ZCTAs) are Census Bureau approximations of USPS ZIP codes; figures describe the ZCTA area, not any single address within it.