Columbus, GA · standard
ZIP Code 31901
Muscogee County, Georgia - Census ACS demographics, housing tenure, and business patterns, benchmarked against every US ZIP.
- 8,638
- 750/sq mi High-density area
- $51,424
- Median income Below-median income area
- $226,500
- Median home value Near-median home value
- 38.3%
- Bachelor's or higher Above-average bachelor's attainment
National ZIP placement
Columbus pairs one of the lowest household incomes in the country with above-median home values, in a low-density, renter-heavy area.
- 16th pct
- household income, US ZIPs
- Top 49%
- home value, US ZIPs
- 750
- people per sq mi
- 34%
- owner-occupied homes
Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates (2019–2023). Percentiles rank ZIP 31901 against every reporting US ZIP.
ZIP code 31901 is a mid-sized community (a standard USPS delivery area) in Columbus, Muscogee County, Georgia, home to 8,638 residents across 11.5 square miles, a density of 750 people per square mile, in the New York time zone.
ZIP 31901 reports a modest median household income of $51,424 (27% below the average Georgia ZIP), while per-capita income is $36,703. The poverty rate is 23.3%, so the area-level income figures should not be treated as typical household experience. Median home value is $226,500 (6% below the average Georgia ZIP) and median rent is $925; 33.6% of occupied homes are owner-occupied.
A solid share of residents have a four-year degree: 38.3% of adults hold a bachelor's degree or higher, the median age is 38.9, and the average commute is 19 minutes. The page also surfaces 10 ZIP codes within roughly 10 miles and 6 more in Muscogee County, so 31901 can be compared with both its immediate and county-level context.
Every figure on this page is sourced from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (including median rent) and the FHFA House Price Index, no estimates, no proprietary scoring. Verify with Census →
Top industries in ZIP 31901
Top 5 sectors by establishment count in Columbus, GA
Which industries have the most business establishments in ZIP 31901.
- Health care and social assistance
Health care and social assistance
95 establishments
- Professional, scientific, and technical services
Professional, scientific, and technical services
91 establishments
- Other services (except public administration)
Other services (except public administration)
86 establishments
- Finance and insurance
Finance and insurance
83 establishments
- Accommodation and food services
Accommodation and food services
80 establishments
What this shows Establishment counts come from the Census ZIP Code Business Patterns program, which counts physical business locations rather than employees or revenue.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates + ZIP Code Business Patterns + FHFA HPI ACS demographics and median rent, ZBP business establishments, FHFA HPI for ZIP 31901, Columbus, GA · 2023 Census ACS 5-Year Estimates use a rolling 60-month sample for stable small-geography estimates; ZBP updated annually; FHFA HPI updated quarterly/annually.
Quick Facts
8,638
Population
11.5
Area (sq mi)
750
People / sq mi
New York
Time Zone
standard
ZIP Type
Who lives in ZIP 31901?
38.9
Median Age
47.1%
Male
52.9%
Female
4.7%
Foreign-Born
Hispanic or Latino is an ethnicity category from the Census Bureau and may overlap with other categories above.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023)
How much do residents earn?
$51,424
Median Household Income
-27% vs state ZIP avg
$36,703
Per Capita Income
23.3%
Poverty Rate
5.4%
Unemployment Rate
19.1 min
Mean Commute Time
How ZIP 31901 ranks among Georgia ZIPs
Columbus, GA household income vs. every Georgia ZIP code
Median household income among 677 reporting Georgia ZIPs (this ZIP's population is too small for a reliable national-corpus placement)
$51,424 23rd percentile higher than 23% of 677 Georgia ZIPs
Each bar is a $20K-wide band; taller bars hold more Georgia ZIPs. The dashed line + filled bar mark this entry. Hover or tap any bar for its full count, share, and where it sits relative to this entry.
Source U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates · 2019–2023
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023)
What is the education profile here?
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023)
What does housing look like?
Housing stock: occupied vs vacant
3,755housing units
3,755
Total Housing Units
3,079
Occupied Units
676
Vacant Units
1.61
Avg Household Size
Occupancy Type
$226,500
Median Home Value
-6% vs state ZIP avg
$925
Median Rent
1949
Median Year Built
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023)
How have home values changed over time?
FHFA House Price Index, annual appreciation data based on repeat sales and appraisals
+0.9%
YoY Change (2024)
193
HPI Index (2000 = 100)
+93%
Total Change Since 2000
Home values in ZIP 31901 have increased 0.9% over the past year (2024). Since 2000, this ZIP has seen +93% cumulative appreciation.
| Year | Annual Change | HPI Index |
|---|---|---|
| 2020 | +3.7% | 142 |
| 2021 | +19.6% | 170 |
| 2022 | +6.7% | 181 |
| 2023 | +5.9% | 192 |
| 2024 | +0.9% | 193 |
Source: Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) House Price Index, All-Transactions, Five-Digit ZIP Codes (Developmental Index). Index base = 100 in year 2000. Data through 2024. ZIP codes with few transactions may show missing values.
What businesses operate in this ZIP?
Census Bureau data shows 715 business establishments in ZIP 31901, employing approximately 13,195 people with a combined annual payroll of $813,429,000.
715
Businesses
13,195
Employees
$813.4M
Annual Payroll
18
Industry Sectors
| Industry | Establishments | % of Total |
|---|---|---|
| Health care and social assistance | 95 | 13.3% |
| Professional, scientific, and technical services | 91 | 12.7% |
| Other services (except public administration) | 86 | 12.0% |
| Finance and insurance | 83 | 11.6% |
| Accommodation and food services | 80 | 11.2% |
| Retail trade | 78 | 10.9% |
| Wholesale trade | 39 | 5.5% |
| Construction | 37 | 5.2% |
| Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services | 27 | 3.8% |
| Real estate and rental and leasing | 21 | 2.9% |
| Information | 19 | 2.7% |
| Arts, entertainment, and recreation | 17 | 2.4% |
| Manufacturing | 14 | 2.0% |
| Transportation and warehousing | 10 | 1.4% |
| Educational services | 6 | 0.8% |
| Management of companies and enterprises | 4 | 0.6% |
| Utilities | 3 | 0.4% |
| Industries not classified | 3 | 0.4% |
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ZIP Code Business Patterns (ZBP), 2023. Employment figures may include noise for disclosure avoidance.
Nearby ZIP Codes
Want a side-by-side? Compare 31901 vs 31906 →
ZIP 31901 vs its nearest neighbors, by population
Resident population of this ZIP and the closest reporting ZIP codes within ~10 miles.
- 31907
Columbus (31907)
55,332 residents
- 31909
Columbus (31909)
35,177 residents
- 31904
Columbus (31904)
32,871 residents
- 36867
Phenix City (36867)
22,210 residents
- 31906 21,757
Columbus (31906)
21,757 residents
- 31903 20,128
Columbus (31903)
20,128 residents
- 36870 18,783
Phenix City (36870)
18,783 residents
- 36869 18,751
Phenix City (36869)
18,751 residents
- 31905 16,044
Fort Benning (31905)
16,044 residents
What this shows Among its immediate neighbors, ZIP 31901 ranks #0 by population - useful context the national average alone can't give.
ZIP 31901 vs its nearest neighbors, by median income
Median household income of this ZIP and the closest reporting ZIP codes within ~10 miles.
- 36877
Smiths Station (36877)
$78,103 median income
- 31905
Fort Benning (31905)
$75,236 median income
- 36870
Phenix City (36870)
$72,500 median income
- 31909
Columbus (31909)
$69,166 median income
- 31904
Columbus (31904)
$66,291 median income
- 31907
Columbus (31907)
$54,453 median income
- 31901
Columbus (31901)
$51,424 median income
- 36869
Phenix City (36869)
$50,061 median income
- 36867
Phenix City (36867)
$48,026 median income
What this shows By household income, ZIP 31901 ranks #7 of 9 neighboring ZIPs, local affluence varies block to block, not just metro to metro.
| ZIP Code | City | Population | Distance |
|---|---|---|---|
| 31906 | Columbus, GA | 21,757 | 1.8 mi |
| 36867 | Phenix City, AL | 22,210 | 3.4 mi |
| 31903 | Columbus, GA | 20,128 | 3.8 mi |
| 31907 | Columbus, GA | 55,332 | 4.7 mi |
| 31904 | Columbus, GA | 32,871 | 6.3 mi |
| 31909 | Columbus, GA | 35,177 | 6.5 mi |
| 36869 | Phenix City, AL | 18,751 | 6.6 mi |
| 31905 | Fort Benning, GA | 16,044 | 7.2 mi |
| 36870 | Phenix City, AL | 18,783 | 8.3 mi |
| 36877 | Smiths Station, AL | 11,414 | 9.5 mi |
Nationwide ZIPs with similar ACS profiles
Two Census-derived peer sets for ZIP 31901, both outside GA so the neighborhoods are not geographic containment (Nearby and same-county blocks stay local).
Similar population
Nearest cross-state ZIPs by resident population (8,638 here; floor ≥1,000).
Similar median household income
Nearest cross-state ZIPs by ACS median household income.
More ZIP Codes in Muscogee County
Related Areas
Frequently Asked Questions
What county is ZIP code 31901 in?
ZIP code 31901 (Columbus) is located in Muscogee County, Georgia. Muscogee County contains multiple ZIP codes, see the full list at /counties/muscogee-ga.
What is the population of ZIP code 31901?
ZIP code 31901 in Columbus, GA has a population of 8,638 according to the Census Bureau ACS 2023 estimates.
What is the median household income in ZIP 31901?
The median household income in ZIP 31901 is $51,424, which is 33% below the national average of $76,288.
What is the average home value in ZIP 31901?
The median home value in ZIP 31901 is $226,500, which is 19% below the national average of $278,155.
What is the demographic makeup of ZIP 31901?
The largest racial group in ZIP 31901 is White at 53.9%. Hispanic or Latino residents make up 6.7% of the population.
How many businesses are in ZIP code 31901?
ZIP code 31901 has 715 business establishments employing approximately 13,195 people, according to Census Bureau ZIP Code Business Patterns (ZBP) 2023 data.
What are the main industries in ZIP code 31901?
The top industries by establishment count in ZIP 31901 are: Health care and social assistance (95), Professional, scientific, and technical services (91), Other services (except public administration) (86). There are 18 industry sectors represented in total.
How have home values changed in ZIP code 31901?
According to the FHFA House Price Index, home values in ZIP 31901 increased by 0.9% in 2024. Since 2000, home values in this ZIP have appreciated by approximately 93%. This is a developmental index based on repeat sales and appraisal data from Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
What is the education level in ZIP code 31901?
In ZIP code 31901, 59.3% of residents aged 25+ have a high school diploma or higher, and 38.3% hold a bachelor's degree or higher. These figures come from the Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023).
What is the average commute time in ZIP 31901?
The mean commute time for workers in ZIP code 31901 is 19.1 minutes according to Census ACS data. The national average is roughly 26 minutes, so commuters here spend less time traveling to work than typical.
What percentage of residents own vs. rent in ZIP 31901?
In ZIP code 31901, approximately 33.6% of occupied housing units are owner-occupied and 66.4% are renter-occupied, based on Census ACS 2023 data.
What is the poverty rate in ZIP code 31901?
The poverty rate in ZIP code 31901 is 23.3% according to Census Bureau ACS 2023 estimates. This measures the percentage of the population living below the federal poverty threshold.
Related
Take this with you
What to do with ZIP 31901's numbers, next.
- See how ZIP 31901 compares to a neighboring ZIP code on the same Census fields Compare this ZIP
- Check where Columbus, GA ranks among every U.S. ZIP code on income, education, or homeownership View national rankings
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ZIP Code Tabulation Areas (ZCTAs) are Census Bureau approximations of USPS ZIP codes; figures describe the ZCTA area, not any single address within it.