PlainZIP

Columbus, GA · standard

ZIP Code 31901

Muscogee County, Georgia - Census ACS demographics, housing tenure, and business patterns, benchmarked against every US ZIP.

8,638
750/sq mi
$51,424
Median income
$226,500
Median home value
38.3%
Bachelor's or higher

The verdict

Columbus pairs one of the lowest household incomes in the country with above-median home values, in a low-density, renter-heavy area.

16th pct
household income, US ZIPs
Top 49%
home value, US ZIPs
750
people per sq mi
34%
owner-occupied homes

Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates (2019–2023). Percentiles rank ZIP 31901 against every reporting US ZIP.

ZIP code 31901 is a mid-sized community (a standard USPS delivery area) in Columbus, Muscogee County, Georgia, home to 8,638 residents across 11.5 square miles, a density of 750 people per square mile, in the New York time zone.

ZIP 31901 reports a modest median household income of $51,424 (27% below the Georgia average), while per-capita income is $36,703. The poverty rate stands at 23.3% and the unemployment rate at 5.4%. Housing costs here run $226,500 for a typical home value (6% below the state average), with rent averaging $925 a month; 33.6% of homes are owner-occupied.

A solid share of residents have a four-year degree: 38.3% of adults hold a bachelor's degree or higher, the median age is 38.9, and the average commute is 19 minutes. We also surface 10 nearby ZIP codes within roughly 10 miles and 6 additional ZIPs sharing Muscogee County, so you can benchmark 31901 against its immediate geography rather than a national average alone.

Every figure on this page is sourced from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (including median rent) and the FHFA House Price Index, no estimates, no proprietary scoring. Verify with Census →

Top industries in ZIP 31901

Top 5 sectors by establishment count in Columbus, GA

Which industries have the most business establishments in ZIP 31901.

establishments

What this shows Establishment counts come from the Census ZIP Code Business Patterns program, which counts physical business locations rather than employees or revenue.

Source U.S. Census Bureau · ZIP Code Business Patterns (ZBP) As of 2023

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates + ZIP Code Business Patterns + FHFA HPI ACS demographics and median rent, ZBP business establishments, FHFA HPI for ZIP 31901, Columbus, GA · 2023 Census ACS 5-Year Estimates use a rolling 60-month sample for stable small-geography estimates; ZBP updated annually; FHFA HPI updated quarterly/annually.

Quick Facts

8,638

Population

11.5

Area (sq mi)

750

People / sq mi

New York

Time Zone

standard

ZIP Type

Neighborhood Scorecard
Get an A-F grade across income, safety, housing, rent, education, commute, and childcare for this ZIP code.
View Scorecard →

Who lives in ZIP 31901?

38.9

Median Age

47.1%

Male

52.9%

Female

4.7%

Foreign-Born

White 53.9%
African American 30.3%
Asian 3.0%
American Indian or Alaska Native 0.0%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander 0.7%
Two or More Ethnicities 10.7%
Hispanic or Latino 6.7%

Hispanic or Latino is an ethnicity category from the Census Bureau and may overlap with other categories above.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023)

How much do residents earn?

$51,424

Median Household Income

-27% vs state

$36,703

Per Capita Income

23.3%

Poverty Rate

5.4%

Unemployment Rate

19.1 min

Mean Commute Time

How ZIP 31901 ranks nationally

Columbus, GA household income vs. every US ZIP code

Median household income, the full national distribution, with this ZIP marked

$51,424 16th percentile higher than 16% of 30,318 US ZIPs

$0–$20,000: 118 US ZIPs (0%). Below this entry. $20,000–$40,000: 1,573 US ZIPs (5%). Below this entry. $40,000–$60,000: 7,092 US ZIPs (23%). This entry sits in this band. $60,000–$80,000: 9,980 US ZIPs (33%). Above this entry. $80,000–$100,000: 5,778 US ZIPs (19%). Above this entry. $100,000–$120,000: 2,855 US ZIPs (9%). Above this entry. $120,000–$140,000: 1,362 US ZIPs (4%). Above this entry. $140,000–$160,000: 686 US ZIPs (2%). Above this entry. $160,000–$180,000: 364 US ZIPs (1%). Above this entry. $180,000–$200,000: 186 US ZIPs (1%). Above this entry. $200,000–$220,000: 324 US ZIPs (1%). Above this entry. This ZIP $0 $200K+ every reporting US ZIP, bucketed by value

Each bar is a $20K-wide band; taller bars hold more US ZIPs. The dashed line + filled bar mark this entry. Hover or tap any bar for its full count, share, and where it sits relative to this entry.

Source U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates · 2019–2023

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023)

What is the education profile here?

High School Graduate or Higher 59.3%
Bachelor's Degree or Higher 38.3%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023)

What does housing look like?

3,755

Total Housing Units

3,079

Occupied Units

676

Vacant Units

1.61

Avg Household Size

Occupancy Type

Owner 33.6%
Renter 66.4%

$226,500

Median Home Value

-6% vs state

$925

Median Rent

1949

Median Year Built

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023)

How have home values changed over time?

FHFA House Price Index, annual appreciation data based on repeat sales and appraisals

+0.9%

YoY Change (2024)

193

HPI Index (2000 = 100)

+93%

Total Change Since 2000

Home values in ZIP 31901 have increased 0.9% over the past year (2024). Since 2000, this ZIP has seen +93% cumulative appreciation.

Year Annual Change HPI Index
2020 +3.7% 142
2021 +19.6% 170
2022 +6.7% 181
2023 +5.9% 192
2024 +0.9% 193

Source: Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) House Price Index, All-Transactions, Five-Digit ZIP Codes (Developmental Index). Index base = 100 in year 2000. Data through 2024. ZIP codes with few transactions may show missing values.

What businesses operate in this ZIP?

Census Bureau data shows 715 business establishments in ZIP 31901, employing approximately 13,195 people with a combined annual payroll of $813,429,000.

715

Businesses

13,195

Employees

$813.4M

Annual Payroll

18

Industry Sectors

Industry Establishments % of Total
Health care and social assistance 95 13.3%
Professional, scientific, and technical services 91 12.7%
Other services (except public administration) 86 12.0%
Finance and insurance 83 11.6%
Accommodation and food services 80 11.2%
Retail trade 78 10.9%
Wholesale trade 39 5.5%
Construction 37 5.2%
Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services 27 3.8%
Real estate and rental and leasing 21 2.9%
Information 19 2.7%
Arts, entertainment, and recreation 17 2.4%
Manufacturing 14 2.0%
Transportation and warehousing 10 1.4%
Educational services 6 0.8%
Management of companies and enterprises 4 0.6%
Utilities 3 0.4%
Industries not classified 3 0.4%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ZIP Code Business Patterns (ZBP), 2023. Employment figures may include noise for disclosure avoidance.

Nearby ZIP Codes

Want a side-by-side? Compare 31901 vs 31906 →

ZIP 31901 vs its nearest neighbors, by population

Resident population of this ZIP and the closest reporting ZIP codes within ~10 miles.

residents

What this shows Among its immediate neighbors, ZIP 31901 ranks #0 by population - useful context the national average alone can't give.

Source U.S. Census Bureau · ACS 5-Year Estimates As of 2019–2023

ZIP 31901 vs its nearest neighbors, by median income

Median household income of this ZIP and the closest reporting ZIP codes within ~10 miles.

median income

What this shows By household income, ZIP 31901 ranks #7 of 9 neighboring ZIPs, local affluence varies block to block, not just metro to metro.

Source U.S. Census Bureau · ACS 5-Year Estimates As of 2019–2023
ZIP Code City Population Distance
31906 Columbus, GA 21,757 1.8 mi
36867 Phenix City, AL 22,210 3.4 mi
31903 Columbus, GA 20,128 3.8 mi
31907 Columbus, GA 55,332 4.7 mi
31904 Columbus, GA 32,871 6.3 mi
31909 Columbus, GA 35,177 6.5 mi
36869 Phenix City, AL 18,751 6.6 mi
31905 Fort Benning, GA 16,044 7.2 mi
36870 Phenix City, AL 18,783 8.3 mi
36877 Smiths Station, AL 11,414 9.5 mi

More ZIP Codes in Muscogee County

31907 standard
Columbus, GA
Pop: 55,332
31909 standard
Columbus, GA
Pop: 35,177
31904 standard
Columbus, GA
Pop: 32,871
31906 standard
Columbus, GA
Pop: 21,757
31903 standard
Columbus, GA
Pop: 20,128
31820 standard
Midland, GA
Pop: 8,473

Related Areas

Muscogee County Columbus, GA Georgia

Frequently Asked Questions

What county is ZIP code 31901 in? ▼
ZIP code 31901 (Columbus) is located in Muscogee County, Georgia. Muscogee County contains multiple ZIP codes, see the full list at /counties/muscogee-ga.
What is the population of ZIP code 31901? ▼
ZIP code 31901 in Columbus, GA has a population of 8,638 according to the Census Bureau ACS 2023 estimates.
What is the median household income in ZIP 31901? ▼
The median household income in ZIP 31901 is $51,424, which is 33% below the national average of $76,288.
What is the average home value in ZIP 31901? ▼
The median home value in ZIP 31901 is $226,500, which is 19% below the national average of $278,155.
What is the demographic makeup of ZIP 31901? ▼
The largest racial group in ZIP 31901 is White at 53.9%. Hispanic or Latino residents make up 6.7% of the population.
How many businesses are in ZIP code 31901? ▼
ZIP code 31901 has 715 business establishments employing approximately 13,195 people, according to Census Bureau ZIP Code Business Patterns (ZBP) 2023 data.
What are the main industries in ZIP code 31901? ▼
The top industries by establishment count in ZIP 31901 are: Health care and social assistance (95), Professional, scientific, and technical services (91), Other services (except public administration) (86). There are 18 industry sectors represented in total.
How have home values changed in ZIP code 31901? ▼
According to the FHFA House Price Index, home values in ZIP 31901 increased by 0.9% in 2024. Since 2000, home values in this ZIP have appreciated by approximately 93%. This is a developmental index based on repeat sales and appraisal data from Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
What is the education level in ZIP code 31901? ▼
In ZIP code 31901, 59.3% of residents aged 25+ have a high school diploma or higher, and 38.3% hold a bachelor's degree or higher. These figures come from the Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023).
What is the average commute time in ZIP 31901? ▼
The mean commute time for workers in ZIP code 31901 is 19.1 minutes according to Census ACS data. The national average is roughly 26 minutes, so commuters here spend less time traveling to work than typical.
What percentage of residents own vs. rent in ZIP 31901? ▼
In ZIP code 31901, approximately 33.6% of occupied housing units are owner-occupied and 66.4% are renter-occupied, based on Census ACS 2023 data.
What is the poverty rate in ZIP code 31901? ▼
The poverty rate in ZIP code 31901 is 23.3% according to Census Bureau ACS 2023 estimates. This measures the percentage of the population living below the federal poverty threshold.

Read our methodology to see how this data is sourced, computed, and verified.