PlainZIP

Columbus, GA · standard

ZIP Code 31909

Muscogee County, Georgia — Census ACS demographics, housing tenure, and business patterns, benchmarked against every US ZIP.

35,177
746/sq mi
$69,166
Median income
$221,300
Median home value
36.6%
Bachelor's or higher

The verdict

Columbus pairs a below-median household income with above-median home values, in a low-density, mixed-tenure area.

45th pct
household income, US ZIPs
Top 50%
home value, US ZIPs
746
people per sq mi
50%
owner-occupied homes

Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates (2019–2023). Percentiles rank ZIP 31909 against every reporting US ZIP.

ZIP code 31909 is classified by USPS as a standard delivery area and covers roughly 47.2 square miles in Columbus, Muscogee County, Georgia. The area is home to 35,177 residents, producing a population density of 746 people per square mile, and falls within the New York time zone. These USPS and Census boundary values drive every downstream statistic on this page, including the benchmarks that compare 31909 against Georgia and the nation.

On the economic side, the median household income for ZIP 31909 sits at $69,166 (2% below the Georgia average), while per-capita income is $40,406. The poverty rate stands at 12.9% and the unemployment rate at 4.0%. On housing, the median home value is $221,300 (8% below the state average) with median rent at $1,316 per month, and 49.5% of occupied units are owner-occupied, a direct signal of whether 31909 behaves more like a homeowner neighborhood or a renter-heavy ZIP.

Education and household profile round out the picture: 36.6% of adults hold a bachelor's degree or higher, the median age is 34.5, and the average commute is 21 minutes. We also surface 10 nearby ZIP codes within roughly 10 miles and 6 additional ZIPs sharing Muscogee County, so you can benchmark 31909 against its immediate geography rather than a national average alone. Every figure is sourced from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, HUD Fair Market Rents, and FHFA Home Price Index data, no estimates, no proprietary scoring. Verify with HUD →

Top industries in ZIP 31909

Top 5 sectors by establishment count

Which industries have the most business establishments in ZIP 31909.

establishments

What this shows Establishment counts come from the Census ZIP Code Business Patterns program, which counts physical business locations rather than employees or revenue.

Source U.S. Census Bureau · ZIP Code Business Patterns (ZBP) As of 2023

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates + ZIP Code Business Patterns + HUD FMR + FHFA HPI ACS demographics, ZBP business establishments, HUD Fair Market Rents, FHFA HPI for ZIP 31909, Columbus, GA · 2023 Census ACS 5-Year Estimates use a rolling 60-month sample for stable small-geography estimates; ZBP updated annually; HUD FMR + FHFA HPI updated quarterly/annually.

Quick Facts

35,177

Population

47.2

Area (sq mi)

746

People / sq mi

New York

Time Zone

standard

ZIP Type

Neighborhood Scorecard
Get an A-F grade across income, safety, housing, rent, education, commute, and childcare for this ZIP code.
View Scorecard →

Who lives in ZIP 31909?

34.5

Median Age

46.2%

Male

53.8%

Female

7.1%

Foreign-Born

White 54.4%
African American 26.0%
Asian 4.2%
American Indian or Alaska Native 0.3%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander 0.1%
Two or More Ethnicities 9.2%
Hispanic or Latino 11.9%

Hispanic or Latino is an ethnicity category from the Census Bureau and may overlap with other categories above.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023)

How much do residents earn?

$69,166

Median Household Income

-2% vs state

$40,406

Per Capita Income

12.9%

Poverty Rate

4.0%

Unemployment Rate

20.5 min

Mean Commute Time

How ZIP 31909 ranks nationally

Household income vs. every US ZIP code

Median household income — the full national distribution, with this ZIP marked

$69,166 45th percentile higher than 45% of 30,318 US ZIPs

$0–$20,000: 118 US ZIPs (0%). Below this entry. $20,000–$40,000: 1,573 US ZIPs (5%). Below this entry. $40,000–$60,000: 7,092 US ZIPs (23%). Below this entry. $60,000–$80,000: 9,980 US ZIPs (33%). This entry sits in this band. $80,000–$100,000: 5,778 US ZIPs (19%). Above this entry. $100,000–$120,000: 2,855 US ZIPs (9%). Above this entry. $120,000–$140,000: 1,362 US ZIPs (4%). Above this entry. $140,000–$160,000: 686 US ZIPs (2%). Above this entry. $160,000–$180,000: 364 US ZIPs (1%). Above this entry. $180,000–$200,000: 186 US ZIPs (1%). Above this entry. $200,000–$220,000: 324 US ZIPs (1%). Above this entry. This ZIP $0 $200K+ every reporting US ZIP, bucketed by value

Each bar is a $20K-wide band; taller bars hold more US ZIPs. The dashed line + filled bar mark this entry. Hover or tap any bar for its full count, share, and where it sits relative to this entry.

Source U.S. Census Bureau — ACS 5-Year Estimates · 2019–2023

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023)

What is the education profile here?

High School Graduate or Higher 58.5%
Bachelor's Degree or Higher 36.6%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023)

What does housing look like?

17,730

Total Housing Units

16,559

Occupied Units

1,171

Vacant Units

2.37

Avg Household Size

Occupancy Type

Owner 49.5%
Renter 50.5%

$221,300

Median Home Value

-8% vs state

$1,316

Median Rent

1990

Median Year Built

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023)

How have home values changed over time?

FHFA House Price Index, annual appreciation data based on repeat sales and appraisals

+2.7%

YoY Change (2024)

200

HPI Index (2000 = 100)

+100%

Total Change Since 2000

Home values in ZIP 31909 have increased 2.7% over the past year (2024). Since 2000, this ZIP has seen +100% cumulative appreciation.

Year Annual Change HPI Index
2020 +6.2% 141
2021 +11.4% 157
2022 +12.0% 176
2023 +10.8% 195
2024 +2.7% 200

Source: Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) House Price Index, All-Transactions, Five-Digit ZIP Codes (Developmental Index). Index base = 100 in year 2000. Data through 2024. ZIP codes with few transactions may show missing values.

What businesses operate in this ZIP?

Census Bureau data shows 1,042 business establishments in ZIP 31909, employing approximately 16,182 people with a combined annual payroll of $635,735,000.

1,042

Businesses

16,182

Employees

$635.7M

Annual Payroll

16

Industry Sectors

Industry Establishments % of Total
Retail trade 248 23.8%
Health care and social assistance 145 13.9%
Accommodation and food services 139 13.3%
Other services (except public administration) 106 10.2%
Construction 64 6.1%
Real estate and rental and leasing 64 6.1%
Finance and insurance 54 5.2%
Professional, scientific, and technical services 48 4.6%
Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services 44 4.2%
Wholesale trade 34 3.3%
Transportation and warehousing 22 2.1%
Arts, entertainment, and recreation 19 1.8%
Educational services 17 1.6%
Manufacturing 15 1.4%
Information 15 1.4%
Management of companies and enterprises 3 0.3%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ZIP Code Business Patterns (ZBP), 2023. Employment figures may include noise for disclosure avoidance.

Nearby ZIP Codes

Want a side-by-side? Compare 31909 vs 31907 →

ZIP 31909 vs its nearest neighbors, by population

Resident population of this ZIP and the closest reporting ZIP codes within ~10 miles.

residents

What this shows Among its immediate neighbors, ZIP 31909 ranks #2 by population — useful context the national average alone can't give.

Source U.S. Census Bureau · ACS 5-Year Estimates As of 2019–2023

ZIP 31909 vs its nearest neighbors, by median income

Median household income of this ZIP and the closest reporting ZIP codes within ~10 miles.

median income

What this shows By household income, ZIP 31909 ranks #5 of 9 neighboring ZIPs — local affluence varies block to block, not just metro to metro.

Source U.S. Census Bureau · ACS 5-Year Estimates As of 2019–2023
ZIP Code City Population Distance
31907 Columbus, GA 55,332 4.5 mi
31904 Columbus, GA 32,871 4.7 mi
31906 Columbus, GA 21,757 5.6 mi
31820 Midland, GA 8,473 6.1 mi
31901 Columbus, GA 8,638 6.5 mi
36867 Phenix City, AL 22,210 6.8 mi
31804 Cataula, GA 5,934 8.4 mi
31903 Columbus, GA 20,128 9.2 mi
31808 Fortson, GA 6,679 7.9 mi
31807 Ellerslie, GA 2,483 9.5 mi

More ZIP Codes in Muscogee County

31907 standard
Columbus, GA
Pop: 55,332
31904 standard
Columbus, GA
Pop: 32,871
31906 standard
Columbus, GA
Pop: 21,757
31903 standard
Columbus, GA
Pop: 20,128
31901 standard
Columbus, GA
Pop: 8,638
31820 standard
Midland, GA
Pop: 8,473

Related Areas

Muscogee County Columbus, GA Georgia

Frequently Asked Questions

What county is ZIP code 31909 in? ▼
ZIP code 31909 (Columbus) is located in Muscogee County, Georgia. Muscogee County contains multiple ZIP codes, see the full list at /counties/muscogee-ga.
What is the population of ZIP code 31909? ▼
ZIP code 31909 in Columbus, GA has a population of 35,177 according to the Census Bureau ACS 2023 estimates.
What is the median household income in ZIP 31909? ▼
The median household income in ZIP 31909 is $69,166, which is 9% below the national average of $76,288.
What is the average home value in ZIP 31909? ▼
The median home value in ZIP 31909 is $221,300, which is 20% below the national average of $278,155.
What is the demographic makeup of ZIP 31909? ▼
The largest racial group in ZIP 31909 is White at 54.4%. Hispanic or Latino residents make up 11.9% of the population.
How many businesses are in ZIP code 31909? ▼
ZIP code 31909 has 1,042 business establishments employing approximately 16,182 people, according to Census Bureau ZIP Code Business Patterns (ZBP) 2023 data.
What are the main industries in ZIP code 31909? ▼
The top industries by establishment count in ZIP 31909 are: Retail trade (248), Health care and social assistance (145), Accommodation and food services (139). There are 16 industry sectors represented in total.
How have home values changed in ZIP code 31909? ▼
According to the FHFA House Price Index, home values in ZIP 31909 increased by 2.7% in 2024. Since 2000, home values in this ZIP have appreciated by approximately 100%. This is a developmental index based on repeat sales and appraisal data from Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
What is the education level in ZIP code 31909? ▼
In ZIP code 31909, 58.5% of residents aged 25+ have a high school diploma or higher, and 36.6% hold a bachelor's degree or higher. These figures come from the Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates (2023).
What is the average commute time in ZIP 31909? ▼
The mean commute time for workers in ZIP code 31909 is 20.5 minutes according to Census ACS data. The national average is roughly 26 minutes, so commuters here spend less time traveling to work than typical.
What percentage of residents own vs. rent in ZIP 31909? ▼
In ZIP code 31909, approximately 49.5% of occupied housing units are owner-occupied and 50.5% are renter-occupied, based on Census ACS 2023 data.
What is the poverty rate in ZIP code 31909? ▼
The poverty rate in ZIP code 31909 is 12.9% according to Census Bureau ACS 2023 estimates. This measures the percentage of the population living below the federal poverty threshold.

ZIP Code Research Guides

Reading Census Demographics
How to interpret population, income, and education data from the Census Bureau.
Understanding ZIP Code Data
What ZIP codes are, how ZCTAs differ, and what the data reveals.
Best ZIP Codes for Families
Key factors to evaluate when choosing a family-friendly neighborhood.
ZIP Codes for Relocation
Data-driven tips for evaluating ZIP codes before a move.

Official Data Resources for Columbus, GA

Verify and explore additional data for this area using these official government sources.

U.S. Census Bureau
Official demographic, economic, and housing data from the American Community Survey.
HUD Fair Market Rents
Department of Housing and Urban Development rental cost estimates by metropolitan area.
FBI Uniform Crime Reports
Official crime statistics compiled from law enforcement agencies nationwide.
FHFA House Price Index
Federal Housing Finance Agency home value trends based on repeat sales and appraisals.

Read our methodology to see how this data is sourced, computed, and verified.